ABSTRACT
The pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection since 2020 caused Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) leads the serious threaten to global public health. It is urgent to diagnose COVID-19, guide epidemiological measures, control the infection rates, research/develop the antiviral treatment and promote the vaccine research. The application of nano-material based biosensors (the nano-biosensors) has achieved the high-performance detection of a variety of biomarkers due to their small device size, label free detection, high sensitivity, good specificity, short detection time, and has been considered as great potential to become a point-of-care testing tool for detecting 2019-nCoV. Therefore, by summarizing the working principle and classification of nano-biosensors, and focusing on the research progress of nano-biosensors in the detection of 2019-nCoV reported in the recent years, our review provides the challenges and future development prospects of the nano-biosensor in clinical laboratory.Copyright © 2022 Chin J Lab Med. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Here, we introduce a power-free foldable poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microdevice fully integrating DNA extraction, amplification, and visual detection, realized in novel dual modes – colorimetric and aggregate formation – using 4-Aminoantipyrine (4-AP) for monitoring pathogens. The microdevice contains two parts: reaction and detection zones. A sealing film was utilized to connect the two zones and make the device foldable. The FTA card was deposited in the reaction zone for DNA extraction, followed by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) at 65 °C for 45 min. When the detection zone is folded toward the reaction zone, paper discs modified with 4-AP placed in the detection zone are delivered to the reaction zone. Specifically, in the presence of LAMP amplicons, 4-AP is oxidized into antipyrine red or generates aggregates by interacting with copper sulfate, forming copper hybrid nanostructure (Cu-hNs). In the absence of LAMP amplicons, 4-AP is not oxidized and maintains yellow color or fails to form aggregates. Furthermore, we introduced the ethidium homodimer-1 (EthD-1) to identify viable bacteria. EthD-1 penetrated the compromised membranes of nonviable cells and prevented further DNA amplification by intercalating with the DNA. In this way, only samples containing viable cells displayed color change or formed aggregates upon reaction with 4-AP. Using this method, SARS-CoV-2 RNA and Enterococcus faecium were identified by naked eye, with the limit of detection of 103 copies/μL and 102 CFU/mL, respectively, within 60 min. The introduced microdevice can be used for rapidly monitoring viable pathogens and controlling outbreaks of infectious disease in resource-limited settings. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
ABSTRACT
The pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection since 2020 caused Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) leads the serious threaten to global public health. It is urgent to diagnose COVID-19, guide epidemiological measures, control the infection rates, research/develop the antiviral treatment and promote the vaccine research. The application of nano-material based biosensors (the nano-biosensors) has achieved the high-performance detection of a variety of biomarkers due to their small device size, label free detection, high sensitivity, good specificity, short detection time, and has been considered as great potential to become a point-of-care testing tool for detecting 2019-nCoV. Therefore, by summarizing the working principle and classification of nano-biosensors, and focusing on the research progress of nano-biosensors in the detection of 2019-nCoV reported in the recent years, our review provides the challenges and future development prospects of the nano-biosensor in clinical laboratory. © 2022 Chin J Lab Med. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The advancement of science and technology has led to the recent development of highly sensitive pathogen biosensing techniques. The effective treatment of pathogen infections requires sensing technologies to not only be sensitive but also render results in real-time. This review thus summarises the recent advances in optical surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor technology, which possesses the aforementioned advantages. Specifically, this technology allows for the detection of specific pathogens by applying nano-sized materials. This review focuses on various nanomaterials that are used to ensure the performance and high selectivity of SPR sensors. This review will undoubtedly accelerate the development of optical biosensing technology, thus allowing for real-time diagnosis and the timely delivery of appropriate treatments as well as preventing the spread of highly contagious pathogens.
Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques , Nanostructures , Biosensing Techniques/methods , Surface Plasmon Resonance/methodsABSTRACT
Early and rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in an infected person is one fundamental part of the strategy against the spread of this virus. As of now, the usual practice is to carry out polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test which provides results in 24-48 hours. Hence, there exists a crucial need for rapid and immediate screening of people suspected to be infected. Presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath can be one such prospect for detection of virus. In this paper, we have designed chromophoric adducts of VOC's in the exhaled breath that can be formed for colorimetric detection of SARS-CoV-2. We noted the bathochromic shift in λ (nm) of VOC molecules upon chromophore formation for colorimetric detection. If adapted, this research work will result in low cost solution to the requirement of immediate detection of SARS-CoV-2, hence cost and time of testing will be reduced, compared to PCR and antibodies tests. Also VOC's detection in early stage of infection where symptoms are not visible can be advantageous. © 2022 Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. All rights reserved.